🗣 IPA: tʃ’a1; 粵拼: caa1
詹憲慈《香港中文大學出版社·廣州語本字·404 䟕錯腳》原文:
䟕者足踏之也俗讀䟕若差錯之差玉篇䟕踏也廣州語或謂踏若䟕如云一腳䟕落泥是也誤踏則云䟕錯腳
試解:
翻書仔注:
[東漢]《說文解字》有「叉」3字。其他如「䟕」、「扠」、「汊」、「衩」、「訍」等字,引伸叉義,音多近叉,全屬後創。[北宋]《廣韻》注「叉」「楚佳切」及「初牙切」。據臺灣大學《漢字古今音資料庫》「楚佳切」:
- 初母次清
- 佳韻開口二等
- 宋擬唐音 IPA: tʃ’ai 平聲
- 推算粵音 IPA: tʃ’ai1,陰平聲, 🗣
「初牙切」:
- 初母次清
- 麻韻開口二等
- 宋擬唐音 IPA: tʃ’a 平聲
- 推算粵音 IPA: tʃ’a1 陰平聲, 🗣
《中國哲學書電子化計劃·字典》注「䟕」粵拼: caa3 及 zaai3,陰去聲。詹氏原著由中文大學教授注 IPA: tʃ’a1,陰平聲。原著以口語音或白讀音為主。本文認為「䟕錯腳」之「䟕」讀平聲或去聲皆可。亦合粵語之文白變調現象。前澳門大學陳伯煇教授於《中華書局·論粵方言詞本字考釋·1998》有論及粵音變調,低聲調向高聲調轉變,如本文之「䟕」乃一常見現象。
字書收「䟕」於足部。有道凡足之屬,字表面結構从足。然「䟕」由「叉」分義而出,故「叉」實為本文之本字。「䟕」為後起之俗字。
Synopsis:
The character 䟕 means to tread and is pronounced colloquially in Cantonese as IPA: tʃ’a1. The literary pronunciation is IPA: tʃ’a3. The difference is subtle and may not have impact to the meaning of the word. The research showed that the character 䟕 is likely derived from an older character 叉 which is also the base from several other characters. Since 叉 in Cantonese is pronounced as IPA: tʃ’a1, this article therefore advocates that the common written form for to tread is 䟕. However the Original Character is 叉.
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