🗣 IPA: mei1; 粵拼: mei1
詹憲慈《香港中文大學出版社·廣州語本字·620 渳一渳》原文:
渳一渳者略飲一飲也俗讀渳若雨溦之溦廣雅渳飲也集韻渳綿婢切
試解:
- 渳1 一渳者,略飲一飲也。俗讀渳若雨溦之溦。
- [魏]《廣雅》渳,飲也。
- [北宋]《集韻》渳,綿婢切。
翻書仔注:
[北宋]《廣韻》注「渳」「綿婢切」:
- 明母次濁
- 紙韻開口三等
- 宋擬唐音 IPA: mǐe 上聲
- 推算粵音 IPA: mei5 陽上聲,同美音 🗣
香港中文大學《粵語審音配詞字庫》注「渳」 IPA: mɐi5 陽上聲,同米音,註義 (1)飲歃 (2)浴屍。[東漢]《說文解字》註「渳」㱃也。㱃,飲之古字。[清]《說文解字注》段玉裁云「渳」飲歃2 也。歃為歃血為盟之歃,盟者以血塗口旁曰歃血。
《廣州方言詞典》3 注「渳」 IPA: mei1 陰上聲。並謂本讀 mei5 陽上,「此處」讀陰上。本文認為「此處」者,作小飲義兼口語化也。粵口語每多升調為陰上或陰平,唯無一定規律,《廣州方言詞典》認為變調乃方便發音,或提升語氣。又粵人多忌諱,「渳」本義浴屍,用水塗沫死者口鼻,小飲洗屍用變調別義,可以理解。
搜尋《中國哲學書電子化計劃》數碼古籍見「渳」多作浴屍用,無小飲用例。或小飲為口語用法,不見文章。小飲讀陰上聲 IPA: mei1 合香港實際口語音,故陰上聲之「渳」合音合義,合本字條件。
Synopsis:
To sip lightly is pronounced as IPA: mei1 in Cantonese. The character given in the book as well as a number of dictionaries, classical and recent, is 渳. The nominal pronunciation of 渳 is IPA: mei5 but in this case the colloquial pronunciation is changed to a higher tone. This change of tone appears to be a random behaviour in Cantonese and does not follow any convention other than being natural to listen to. Although there is a lack of use cases in classical literature showing 渳 meaning to sip, this article accepts the word as a suitable candidate, for now, for the Original Character based on the dictionaries.
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- [清]《康熙字典·水部·九》渳:《廣韻》綿婢切《集韻》《韻會》母婢切,𠀤音弭。《說文》㱃也。一曰水貌。又浴屍曰渳。《周禮·春官》小宗伯大肆以秬鬯渳。又《楊愼·雲南山川志》西洱海在府城東,古葉榆河也。一名渳海。又《集韻》美隕切,音閔。又彌兗切,音緬。義𠀤同。
- [清]《說文解字注》(渳)飲歃也。周禮。王𡹔大肆。以秬鬯渳。杜子春讀渳爲泯。以秬鬯浴屍也。按浴屍則釁屍口鼻。與飲歃義相近。從水。弭聲。緜婢切。十六部。
- 《江蘇教育岀版社·廣州方言詞典·2003 年版》(李榮、白宛如) 渳:用唇及舌尖嘗試液體:你渳一下啲酒;渳一啖試下;渳啖醋。廣韻紙韻綿婢切:”水貎,說文飲也。” 古次濁上聲,今應讀陽上,此處變讀陰平。