🗣 IPA: mɐi5; 粵拼: mai5
詹憲慈《香港中文大學出版社·廣州語本字·657 韎色》原文:
韎色者赤黄之間色也俗讀韎若米禮玉藻一命緼韍注緼者赤黄之間色所謂韎也赤黄之間色惟柚皮之色可以擬之史記正義小曰橘大曰柚冬不凋葉青花白子黄赤今之沙田柚其皮色黄赤殆赤黄之間色也即綢縐中所謂韎色也或寫韎色作米色誤也
試解:
- 韎1 色者,赤黄之間2 色也。俗讀韎若米。
- [戰國]《禮記·玉藻》一命緼韍3。注緼者,赤黄之閒色,所謂韎也4。
- 赤黄之閒色,惟柚皮之色可以擬之。[唐]《史記正義》小曰橘,大曰柚,冬不凋,葉青,花白,子黄赤。今之沙田柚,其皮色黄赤。
- 殆赤黄之閒色也,即綢縐中所謂韎色也5。或寫韎色作米色,誤也。
翻書仔注:
臺灣大學 《漢字古今音資料庫》引 [北宋]《廣韻》注「韎」 入聲及去聲二音,去聲者為「莫拜切」:
- 明母次濁
- 怪韻合口二等
- 宋擬唐音 IPA: mwɐi 去聲
- 推算粵音 IPA: mai6 陽去聲,同「賣」音 🗣
「韎」色概為赤黄之閒色,如綠為黄藍之混色,「韎」應為赤黄之混色。百年前詹氏謂惟沙田柚皮之色可以擬之。又謂柚皮之色黄赤。或曰百年前大米近赤黄之閒色,故稱赤黄之混為米色。今香港人習慣買泰國白米,其色近雪白,已不多見「韎」色大米耳。「韎」色大米應為今之紅米,現代之米色實為英語之 beige。
[明]《洪武正韻牋》注「韎」「莫懈切」,亦同「賣」音6。[清]《分韻撮要》不收「韎」。《中國哲學書電子化計劃》注「賣」國語發音 ㄇㄞˋ,IPA: mɑɪ 去聲。本文認為「韎」於明清時代於粵地祗為布行專用字。詹氏以「韎」為米色之本字應為音之近,蓋 ㄇㄞˋ,IPA: mɑɪ 去聲近「米」之粵音 IPA: mɐi57。 詹氏之米色應非現代之米色。
Synopsis:
The author of the book advocates the word 韎 as the Original Character for the colour known in Cantonese as IPA: mɐi5 ʃɪk1, literally the “rice colour” or the colour of rice. In Middle Chinese, 韎 is pronounced as IPA: mwɐi, departing tone, and means the colour mixed from yellow and red. The character is used in modern times only as a technical term of the cloth and dye industries. The only modern rice in the mixed yellow and red colour is red rice which is new treated as a health food instead of a staple food. This article takes the position that 韎 is a correct Chinese colour designation but it is applicable as an Original Character for “rice colour” only in the context of red rice. Since the non-Cantonese pronunciation of 韎 is close to the Cantonese pronunciation of rice, IPA: mɐi5, it is possible for speakers to mix up the exact colour meant by 韎.
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